Cigarette Consumption, Thailand Health Promotion Institute PDF document.

Filter cigarette: Cigarette filterImitation cork tip paperCigarette paperTobaccoCapsule (optional, not shown)Ink (not shown)Glue (not shown)Contents1 History2 Composition3 Consumption4 Taxation5 Regulation6 Actionism7 Fire-resistant applications8 List of rolling papers9 References10 External linksHistoryeditFurther information: Rizla HistoryThis section needs expansion.

Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page.

January 2017)Compositionedit Several brands of rolling papersCigarette paper is made from thin and lightweight rag fibers (nonwood plant fibers) such as flax, hemp, sisal, rice straw, and esparto.

The paper is available in rolls and rectangular sheets of varying sizes, and has a narrow strip of glue along one long edge.

To control the smoking properties, this paper has a porosity that is suited to the type of tobacco and contains additives that regulate burning.1 One critical paper characteristic is permeability; its primary physical influence is smoke dilution.

Among the fillers used are calcium carbonate to influence the permeability and color, magnesium carbonate to improve ash color, or titanium oxide if a particularly white ash is required.2 Sodium potassium tartrate (Seignettes salt), sodium and potassium citrate are used as a combustion regulator in cigarette paper, increased levels result in faster burning papers.3 Poly(vinyl alcohol) in aqueous solution is used for cigarette adhesives.4Permeability is defined as the measure of the volume of air that flows through a specified area of cigarette paper in a given unit of time.

US commercial filter cigarette brands have paper permeability between 14 and 51 CORESTA units.

Increased cigarette paper permeability results in increased smoke dilution with air.5Other specialty papers for tobacco products are:Imitation cork paper is a brownish yellow colored paper used for the production of cigarette tips.

It has an imitation cork imprint and joins the filter to the tobacco stick.Filter encasing paper is used for the production of acetate or cellulose filters.

The tip paper may be covered with polyvinyl alcohol.6Cigar or cigarillo casing paper holds the chopped tobacco together and serves as the inner casing.ConsumptioneditIn the United States of America, Tobacconist Magazine has called roll-your-own (RYO) the tobacco industrys fastest growing segment.

It estimates that 2-4 of cigarette smokers in the United States, or approximately 2.6 million people, make their own cigarettes.

Many of these smokers have switched in response to increasingly high taxes on manufactured cigarettes.7In 2000, a Canadian government survey estimated that 9 of Canadas 6,000,000 cigarette smokers smoked hand-rolled cigarettes sometimes or most of the time, 7 smoked roll-your-owns exclusively, and over 90 of rolling papers sold in Canada were for tobacco consumption.

A more recent 2009 study has shown that approximately 925,000 Canadians roll their own cigarettes.8According to The Publican, Low price RYO has seen an astonishing rise of 175 in 2007 as cigarette smokers look for cheaper alternatives and to control the size of their smoke.9 The National Health Service in the United Kingdom has reported that roll-your-own use has more than doubled since 1990, from 11 to 24.

Many of these smokers apparently believe that hand-rolled cigarettes are less harmful than manufactured products,10 although it is equally possible that the increase is due to the steep rise in prices since the early-1990s to the present day.11In Thailand, roll-your-own smokers have long exceeded those for manufactured brands;12 the cheaper papers without gum are kept constantly between the fingers during a smoke there.

New Zealand reported in 2005 that: The ratio of roll-your-own to manufactured or tailor-made cigarettes consumed by New Zealanders has risen over (at least) the past decade, perhaps reflecting price differences between these products, and currently approaching 50 percent overall.13TaxationeditConsumers switching to roll-your-own has led to a response among certain tax authorities.

In the United States, Indiana and Kentucky tax rolling papers.

Kentucky set its tax at 0.25 per pack (for up to 32 leaves, larger packs are taxed at 0.0078 per leaf) in 2006 despite complaints from manufacturers.

Louisiana Revised Statute 47:338.261 allows up to 1.25 per pack at retail.RegulationeditThe FDA stated in 2011 that each and every brand (including private labels) of cigarette rolling papers sold in the US must submit their ingredients and seek agency approval or withdraw from the marketplace by March of that year if they had not been sold in the US before February 15, 2007.14ActionismeditThe Spanish brand of Smoking was charged in Spanish Court for using illegal carcinogenic materials in their cigarette papers to cut costs, namely esparto.

However, the company was never convicted.15Fire-resistant applicationseditFire-resistant cigarettes, which reduce the risk of fire from unattended cigarettes, are made with special paper that includes a plastic compound, ethylene vinyl acetate.

Hoesch; Peter Ehrler; Rudolf Eichinger; Herbert Holik; Udo Hamm; Michael E.

The roll-your-own cigarette market in Canada: a cross-sectional exploratory study.

Tob Induc Dis. 5 (1): 5.

PMC 2666659. PMID 19291309.

The Publican - Home - Tobacco sales drop in Scotland.

BBC, Smoker poll reveals roll-ups myth, May 30, 2006 Online copy.

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